Risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

作者：J. Antonio Aviña‐Zubieta, Hyon K. Choi, Mohsen Sadatsafavi, Mahyar Etminan, John M. Esdaile, Diane Lacaille · 发表于：Arthritis Care & Research · 年份：2008 · DOI：10.1002/art.24092 · 被引用次数：1471 · 研究领域：Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies、Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid、Cardiac Health and Mental Health

OBJECTIVE: To determine the magnitude of risk of cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with the general population through a meta-analysis of observational studies. METHODS: We searched Medline, EMBase, and Lilacs databases from their inception to July 2005. Observational studies that met the following criteria were assessed by 2 researchers: 1) prespecified RA definition, 2) clearly defined cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcome, including ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs), and 3) reported standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We calculated weighted-pooled summary estimates of SMRs (meta-SMRs) for CVD, IHD, and CVAs using the random-effects model, and tested for heterogeneity using the I(2) statistic. RESULTS: Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 111,758 patients with 22,927 cardiovascular events. Overall, there was a 50% increased risk of CVD death in patients with RA (meta-SMR 1.50, 95% CI 1.39-1.61). Mortality risks for IHD and CVA were increased by 59% and 52%, respectively (meta-SMR 1.59, 95% CI 1.46-1.73 and meta-SMR 1.52, 95% CI 1.40-1.67, respectively). We identified asymmetry in the funnel plot (Egger's test P = 0.002), as well as significant heterogeneity in all main analyses (P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed that inception cohort studies (n = 4, comprising 2,175 RA cases) were the only group that did not show a significantly increa...