Some Effects of Adrenal Cortical Steroids on Intermediary Metabolism

作者：George W. Thorn, A. E. Renold, A. I. Winegrad · 发表于：BMJ · 年份：1957 · DOI：10.1136/bmj.2.5052.1009 · 被引用次数：119 · 研究领域：Diet and metabolism studies、Adrenal Hormones and Disorders、Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension

The importance of the adrenal gland to the total economy of the individual was indicated by the classic description of Thomas Addison in 1855 and the sub- sequent experiments of Brown-Sdquard (1856).It was not until 1908, however, that Bierry and Malloizel first described hypoglycaemia in adrenalectomized dogs.Porges in 1909 independently described a similar phenomenon in patients with Addison's disease, and in the following year first observed the occurrence of low levels of liver and muscle glycogen a few hours after adrenalectomizing fasted dogs.These observations were confirmed by Schwartz (1910) and Kahn andStarken - stein (1911).Following the discovery of insulin, Maranon (1925) reported that patients with adrenal insufficiency exhibited marked sensitivity to administered insulin, and Cori and Cori (1927), extending the original observations of Porges, Schwartz, and Kahn and Starkenstein, showed that adrenalectomized rats fasted for 24 hours had prac- tically no liver glycogen.During this early period Britton and Silvette (1932) championed the theory that the " prepotent" function of the adrenal cortex was concerned with the regulation of carbohydrate metabolism.In summarizing their observations these investigators noted: "The effects of adrenalectomy on carbohydrate metabolism are pro- found in character and appear to be primarily respon- sible for the death of the animal.Blood glucose and liver glycogen . .show marked reduction from the normal levels.There are also as...