Measurement of Emissions from Air Pollution Sources. 2. C1 through C30 Organic Compounds from Medium Duty Diesel Trucks

作者：James J. Schauer, Michael J. Kleeman, Glen R. Cass, Bernd R.T. Simoneit · 发表于：Environmental Science & Technology · 年份：1999 · DOI：10.1021/es980081n · 被引用次数：1060 · 研究领域：Vehicle emissions and performance、Air Quality and Health Impacts、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Gas- and particle-phase tailpipe emissions from late-model medium duty diesel trucks are quantified using a two-stage dilution source sampling system. The diesel trucks are driven through the hot-start Federal Test Procedure (FTP) urban driving cycle on a transient chassis dynamometer. Emission rates of 52 gas-phase volatile hydrocarbons, 67 semivolatile and 28 particle-phase organic compounds, and 26 carbonyls are quantified along with fine particle mass and chemical composition. When all C 1 −C 13 carbonyls are combined, they account for 60% of the gas-phase organic compound mass emissions. Fine particulate matter emission rates and chemical composition are quantified simultaneously by two methods: a denuder/filter/PUF sampler and a traditional filter sampler. Both sampling techniques yield the same elemental carbon emission rate of 56 mg km -1 driven, but the particulate organic carbon emission rate determined by the denuder-based sampling technique is found to be 35% lower than the organic carbon mass collected by the traditional filter-based sampling technique due to a positive vapor-phase sorption artifact that affects the traditional filter sampling technique. The distribution of organic compounds in the diesel fuel used in this study is compared to the distribution of these compounds in the vehicle exhaust. Significant enrichment in the ratio of unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to their methyl- and dimethyl-substituted homologues is observed in the...