Elevated CO2and plant structure: a review

作者：Seth G. Pritchard, H. H. Rogers, Stephen A. Prior, Curt M. Peterson · 发表于：Global Change Biology · 年份：1999 · DOI：10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00268.x · 被引用次数：444 · 研究领域：Plant responses to elevated CO2、Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics、Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Summary Consequences of increasing atmospheric CO2concentration on plant structure, an important determinant of physiological and competitive success, have not received sufficient attention in the literature. Understanding how increasing carbon input will influence plant developmental processes, and resultant form, will help bridge the gap between physiological response and ecosystem level phenomena. Growth in elevated CO2alters plant structure through its effects on both primary and secondary meristems of shoots and roots. Although not well established, a review of the literature suggests that cell division, cell expansion, and cell patterning may be affected, driven mainly by increased substrate (sucrose) availability and perhaps also by differential expression of genes involved in cell cycling (e.g. cyclins) or cell expansion (e.g. xyloglucan endotransglycosylase). Few studies, however, have attempted to elucidate the mechanistic basis for increased growth at the cellular level. Regardless of specific mechanisms involved, plant leaf size and anatomy are often altered by growth in elevated CO2, but the magnitude of these changes, which often decreases as leaves mature, hinges upon plant genetic plasticity, nutrient availability, temperature, and phenology. Increased leaf growth results more often from increased cell expansion rather than increased division. Leaves of crop species exhibit greater increases in leaf thickness than do leaves of wild species. Increased mesophyll...