ROCK Inhibitor and Feeder Cells Induce the Conditional Reprogramming of Epithelial Cells

作者：Xuefeng Liu, Virginie Ory, Sandra Chapman, Hang Yuan, Chris Albanese, Bhaskar Kallakury, Olga Timofeeva, Caitlin M. Nealon, Aleksandra Dakic, Vera Simić, Bassem R. Haddad, Johng S. Rhim, Anatoly Dritschilo, Anna T. Riegel, Alison A. McBride, Richard Schlegel · 发表于：American Journal Of Pathology · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.10.036 · 被引用次数：745 · 研究领域：Pluripotent Stem Cells Research、RNA Interference and Gene Delivery、Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence

We demonstrate that a Rho kinase inhibitor (Y-27632), in combination with fibroblast feeder cells, induces normal and tumor epithelial cells from many tissues to proliferate indefinitely in vitro, without transduction of exogenous viral or cellular genes. Primary prostate and mammary cells, for example, are reprogrammed toward a basaloid, stem-like phenotype and form well-organized prostaspheres and mammospheres in Matrigel. However, in contrast to the selection of rare stem-like cells, the described growth conditions can generate 2 × 10(6) cells in 5 to 6 days from needle biopsies, and can generate cultures from cryopreserved tissue and from fewer than four viable cells. Continued cell proliferation is dependent on both feeder cells and Y-27632, and the conditionally reprogrammed cells (CRCs) retain a normal karyotype and remain nontumorigenic. This technique also efficiently establishes cell cultures from human and rodent tumors. For example, CRCs established from human prostate adenocarcinoma displayed instability of chromosome 13, proliferated abnormally in Matrigel, and formed tumors in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. The ability to rapidly generate many tumor cells from small biopsy specimens and frozen tissue provides significant opportunities for cell-based diagnostics and therapeutics (including chemosensitivity testing) and greatly expands the value of biobanking. In addition, the CRC method allows for the genetic manipulation of epithelial cells ex vivo...