An Overview of the Results of the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP I)

作者：W. Lawrence Gates, James S. Boyle, Curt Covey, C.G. Dease, Charles Doutriaux, R. Drach, Michael Fiorino, Peter J. Gleckler, J. J. Hnilo, Susan M. Marlais, Thomas J. Phillips, Gerald L. Potter, Benjamin D. Santer, Kenneth R. Sperber, Karl E. Taylor, D. N. Williams · 发表于：Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · 年份：1999 · DOI：10.1175/1520-0477(1999)080<0029:aootro>2.0.co;2 · 被引用次数：900 · 研究领域：Climate variability and models、Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations、Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics

The Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP), initiated in 1989 under the auspices of the World Climate Research Programme, undertook the systematic validation, diagnosis, and intercomparison of the performance of atmospheric general circulation models. For this purpose all models were required to simulate the evolution of the climate during the decade 1979–88, subject to the observed monthly average temperature and sea ice and a common prescribed atmospheric CO2 concentration and solar constant. By 1995, 31 modeling groups, representing virtually the entire international atmospheric modeling community, had contributed the required standard output of the monthly means of selected statistics. These data have been analyzed by the participating modeling groups, by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison, and by the more than two dozen AMIP diagnostic subprojects that have been established to examine specific aspects of the models' performance. Here the analysis and validation of the AMIP results as a whole are summarized in order to document the overall performance of atmospheric general circulation–climate models as of the early 1990s. The infrastructure and plans for continuation of the AMIP project are also reported on. Although there are apparent model outliers in each simulated variable examined, validation of the AMIP models' ensemble mean shows that the average large-scale seasonal distributions of pressure, temperature, and circulation are rea...