Alcohol Consumption and Mortality among Women

作者：Charles S. Fuchs, Meir J. Stampfer, Graham A. Colditz, Edward L. Giovannucci, JoAnn Manson, Ichiro Kawachi, David J. Hunter, Susan E. Hankinson, Charles H. Hennekens, Bernard A. Rosner, Frank E. Speizer, Walter Churchill Willett · 发表于：New England Journal of Medicine · 年份：1995 · DOI：10.1056/nejm199505113321901 · 被引用次数：707 · 研究领域：Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects、Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes、Alcoholism and Thiamine Deficiency

BACKGROUND: Studies in men suggest that light-to-moderate alcohol intake is associated with a reduction in overall mortality, due primarily to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease. Among women with similar levels of alcohol consumption, an increased risk of breast cancer has been noted that complicates the balance of risks and benefits. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study among 85,709 women, 34 to 59 years of age and without a history of myocardial infarction, angina, stroke, or cancer, who completed a dietary questionnaire in 1980. During the 12-year follow-up period, 2658 deaths were documented. RESULTS: The relative risks of death in drinkers as compared with nondrinkers were 0.83 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.74 to 0.93) for women who consumed 1.5 to 4.9 g of alcohol per day (one to three drinks per week), 0.88 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.98) for those who consumed 5.0 to 29.9 g per day, and 1.19 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.38) for those who consumed 30 g or more per day, after adjustment for other predictors of mortality. Light-to-moderate drinking (1.5 to 29.9 g per day) was associated with a decreased risk of death from cardiovascular disease; heavier drinking was associated with an increased risk of death from other causes, particularly breast cancer and cirrhosis. The benefit associated with light-to-moderate drinking was most apparent among women with risk factors for coronary heart disease and those 50 years of age or ol...