Regulation of the Calmodulin-stimulated Protein Phosphatase, Calcineurin

作者：Claude B. Klee, Hao Ren, Xutong Wang · 发表于：Journal of Biological Chemistry · 年份：1998 · DOI：10.1074/jbc.273.22.13367 · 被引用次数：905 · 研究领域：Signaling Pathways in Disease、Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling、Nerve injury and regeneration

The role of protein phosphatases in the regulation of cellular processes is now well established (1Shenolikar S. Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 1994; 10: 55-86Crossref PubMed Scopus (403) Google Scholar, 2Cohen P.T. Chen M.X. Armstrong C.G. Adv. Pharmacol. 1996; 36: 67-89Crossref PubMed Scopus (37) Google Scholar). Calcineurin (also called protein phosphatase 2B), a major calmodulin-binding protein in brain and the only serine/threonine protein phosphatase under the control of Ca2+/calmodulin, plays a critical role in the coupling of Ca2+ signals to cellular responses (3Klee C.B. Crouch T.H. Krinks M.H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1980; 76: 6270-6273Crossref Scopus (610) Google Scholar, 4Stewart A.A. Ingebritsen T.S. Manalan A. Klee C.B. Cohen P. FEBS Lett. 1982; 137: 80-84Crossref PubMed Scopus (339) Google Scholar, 5Klee C.B. Draetta G.F. Hubbard M.J. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 1988; 61: 149-200PubMed Google Scholar, 6Kincaid R.L. Adv. Second Messenger Phosphoprotein Res. 1993; 27: 1-25PubMed Google Scholar). Its stimulation by the multifunctional protein, calmodulin, ensures the coordinated regulation of its protein phosphatase activity with the activities of the many other enzymes, including a large number of protein kinases, under Ca2+ and calmodulin control. Despite its special abundance in neural tissues, calcineurin is broadly distributed, and its structure is highly conserved from yeast to man (6Kincaid R.L. Adv. Second Messenger Phosphoprotein Res. 1993; 27: 1...