A chromosome-based draft sequence of the hexaploid bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) genome

作者：Klaus Mayer, Jane Rogers, Jaroslav Doležel, Curtis Pozniak, Kellye Eversole, Catherine Feuillet, Bikram Gill, Bernd Friebe, Adam J. Lukaszewski, Pierre Sourdille, Takashi R. Endo, Marie Kubaláková, Jarmila Číhalíková, Zdeňka Dubská, Jan Vrána, Romana Šperková, Hana Šimková, Melanie Febrer, Leah Clissold, Kirsten McLay, Kuldeep Singh, Parveen Chhuneja, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Jitendra P. Khurana, Eduard Akhunov, Frédéric Choulet, Adriana Alberti, Valérie Barbe, Patrick Wincker, Hiroyuki Kanamori, Fuminori Kobayashi, Takeshi Itoh, Takashi Matsumoto, Hiroaki Sakai, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Jianzhong Wu, Yasunari Ogihara, Hirokazu Handa, P. Ron Maclachlan, Andrew Sharpe, Darrin Klassen, David Edwards, Jacqueline Batley, Odd-Arne Olsen, Simen R. Sandve, Sigbjørn Lien, Burkhard Steuernagel, Brande B. H. Wulff, Mario Cáccamo, Sarah Ayling, Ricardo H. Ramírez-González, Bernardo Clavijo, Jonathan Wright, Matthias Pfeifer, M. Spannagl, Mihaela Martis, Martin Mascher, Jarrod Chapman, Jesse Poland, Uwe Scholz, Kerrie Barry, Robbie Waugh, Daniel S. Rokhsar, Gary J. Muehlbauer, Nils Stein, Heidrun Gundlach, Matthias Zytnicki, Véronique Jamilloux, Hadi Quesneville, Thomas Wicker, Primetta Faccioli, Moreno Colaiacovo, A. M. Stanca, Hikmet Budak, Luigi Cattivelli, Natasha Glover, Lise Pingault, Etienne Paux, Sapna Sharma, R. Appels, M. Bellgard, Brett Chapman, Thomas Nußbaumer, Kai Christian Bader, Hélène Rimbert, Shichen Wang, R. E. Knox, Andrzej Kilian, Michaël Alaux, Françoise Alfama, L.J. Couderc, Nicolas Guilhot, Claire Viseux, Mikaël Loaec, Beat Keller, Sébastien Praud · 发表于：Science · 年份：2014 · DOI：10.1126/science.1251788 · 被引用次数：1650 · 研究领域：Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology、Chromosomal and Genetic Variations、Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics

An ordered draft sequence of the 17-gigabase hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome has been produced by sequencing isolated chromosome arms. We have annotated 124,201 gene loci distributed nearly evenly across the homeologous chromosomes and subgenomes. Comparative gene analysis of wheat subgenomes and extant diploid and tetraploid wheat relatives showed that high sequence similarity and structural conservation are retained, with limited gene loss, after polyploidization. However, across the genomes there was evidence of dynamic gene gain, loss, and duplication since the divergence of the wheat lineages. A high degree of transcriptional autonomy and no global dominance was found for the subgenomes. These insights into the genome biology of a polyploid crop provide a springboard for faster gene isolation, rapid genetic marker development, and precise breeding to meet the needs of increasing food demand worldwide.