Fluorescence Lifetime Standards for Time and Frequency Domain Fluorescence Spectroscopy

作者：Noël Boens, Wenwu Qin, Nikola Basarić, Johan Hofkens, Marcel Ameloot, Jacques Pouget, Jean-Pierre Lefèvre, Bernard Valeur, Enrico Gratton, Martin vandeVen, Norberto D. Silva, Yves Engelborghs, Katrien Willaert, Alain Sillen, Garry Rumbles, David Phillips, Antonie J. W. G. Visser, Arie van Hoek, Joseph R. Lakowicz, Henryk M. Malak, Ignacy Gryczyński, Arthur G. Szabo, D. T. Krajcarski, Naoto Tamai, Atsushi Miura · 发表于：Analytical Chemistry · 年份：2007 · DOI：10.1021/ac062160k · 被引用次数：486 · 研究领域：Analytical Chemistry and Sensors、Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research、Electron Spin Resonance Studies

A series of fluorophores with single-exponential fluorescence decays in liquid solution at 20 degrees C were measured independently by nine laboratories using single-photon timing and multifrequency phase and modulation fluorometry instruments with lasers as excitation source. The dyes that can serve as fluorescence lifetime standards for time-domain and frequency-domain measurements are all commercially available, are photostable under the conditions of the measurements, and are soluble in solvents of spectroscopic quality (methanol, cyclohexane, water). These lifetime standards are anthracene, 9-cyanoanthracene, 9,10-diphenylanthracene, N-methylcarbazole, coumarin 153, erythrosin B, N-acetyl-l-tryptophanamide, 1,4-bis(5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)benzene, 2,5-diphenyloxazole, rhodamine B, rubrene, N-(3-sulfopropyl)acridinium, and 1,4-diphenylbenzene. At 20 degrees C, the fluorescence lifetimes vary from 89 ps to 31.2 ns, depending on fluorescent dye and solvent, which is a useful range for modern pico- and nanosecond time-domain or mega- to gigahertz frequency-domain instrumentation. The decay times are independent of the excitation and emission wavelengths. Dependent on the structure of the dye and the solvent, the excitation wavelengths used range from 284 to 575 nm, the emission from 330 to 630 nm. These lifetime standards may be used to either calibrate or test the resolution of time- and frequency-domain instrumentation or as reference compounds to eliminate the color effect in...