The Normal Cervical Spine in Infants and Children

作者：Donald K. Bailey · 发表于：Radiology · 年份：1952 · DOI：10.1148/59.5.712 · 被引用次数：287 · 研究领域：Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques

numerous papers on the subject of roentgenology of the cervical spine, especially with reference to the roentgen anatomy, have been published. Most of these deal exclusively with adults. The material presented here, although not new, represents an attempt to bring together data concerning the cervical spine in infants and children. In this age group, the developmental anatomy of the cervical spine must be correlated with the roentgen appearance. Because the appreciation and appraisal of roentgen abnormalities depend so much on a thorough understanding of the normal, the normal will be discussed and only a few pertinent anomalies will be mentioned. The present study is based in part on roentgenograms of the cervical spine in approximately 100 normal children ranging from the newborn infant to the age of fourteen years. None of these children had a known history of trauma. The technics employed to obtain satisfactory films of the cervical spine are not pertinent to the discussion, but certain difficulties arise in the examination of children which are not encountered in adults. These are attributable to lack of cooperation and the immature state of muscular development in infants. It is often impossible to obtain upright films, laminagrams, and stereoscopic examinations. Sedation is frequently necessary to obtain even routine recumbent films. As a result, not all of the modalities used in studying adults are available for children. The normal appearance in the few standard proj...