Membrane process for biological treatment of contaminated gas streams

作者：Sarina J. Ergas, Leslee Shumway, Mark W. Fitch, Jeffrey J. Neemann · 发表于：Biotechnology and Bioengineering · 年份：1999 · DOI：10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19990520)63:4<431::aid-bit6>3.0.co;2-g · 被引用次数：64 · 研究领域：Wastewater Treatment and Nitrogen Removal、Odor and Emission Control Technologies、Microbial bioremediation and biosurfactants

A hollow fiber membrane bioreactor was investigated for control of air emissions of biodegradable volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In the membrane bioreactor, gases containing VOCs pass through the lumen of microporous hydrophobic hollow fiber membranes. Soluble compounds diffuse through the membrane pores and partition into a VOC degrading biofilm. The hollow fiber membranes serve as a support for the microbial population and provide a large surface area for VOC and oxygen mass transfer. Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of toluene loading rate, gas residence time, and liquid phase turbulence on toluene removal in a laboratory-scale membrane bioreactor. Initial acclimation of the microbial culture to toluene occurred over a period of nine days, after which a 70% removal efficiency was achieved at an inlet toluene concentration of 200 ppm and a gas residence time of 1.8 s (elimination capacity of 20 g m-3 min-1). At higher toluene loading rates, a maximum elimination capacity of 42 g m-3 min-1 was observed. In the absence of a biofilm (abiotic operation), mass transfer rates were found to increase with increasing liquid recirculation rates. Abiotic mass transfer coefficients could be estimated using a correlation of dimensionless parameters developed for heat transfer. Liquid phase recirculation rate had no effect on toluene removal when the biofilm was present, however. Three models of the reactor were created: a numeric model, a first-order flat sheet ...