Elevation of plasma thioredoxin levels in HIV-infected individuals

作者：Hajime Nakamura, Stephen De Rosa, Mario Roederer, Michael T. Anderson, J. Gregson Dubs, Junji Yodoi, Arne Holmgren, Leonard A. Herzenberg, Leonore A. Herzenberg, Leonore A. Herzenberg, Leonore A. Herzenberg · 发表于：International Immunology · 年份：1996 · DOI：10.1093/intimm/8.4.603 · 被引用次数：208 · 研究领域：Redox biology and oxidative stress、Sulfur Compounds in Biology、Tryptophan and brain disorders

Thioredoxin (Trx), a ubiquitous protein intimately involved in redox and protein disulfide reductions, has been shown to be released from cells and to have cytokine-like activities. In addition, Trx has been implicated in the redox regulation of immunological responses and shown to be deficient in tissues from AIDS patients. In studies presented here, plasma Trx levels were measured by ELISA in plasma samples from HIV-infected individuals (n = 136) and HIV-negative controls (n = 47). To account for the release of Trx into plasma due to hemolysis, the Trx measurements were corrected according to the level of hemoglobin in the plasma sample. Data presented show that, in contrast to tissue Trx levels, corrected plasma Trx levels are significantly higher in HIV-infected individuals than in controls (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, approximately 25% of the HIV-infected individuals studied have plasma Trx levels greater than the highest levels found in controls (37 ng/ml). Detailed multiparameter FACS analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from the infected individuals demonstrates that those with higher plasma Trx levels (37 ng/ml or greater) tend to have lower overall CD4 counts. In addition, increases in plasma Trx levels correlate with decreases in monochlorobimane staining (indicative of lower intracellular glutathione levels in PBMC) and with changes in surface antigen expression (CD62L, CD38 and CD20) that occur in the later stages of HIV infection. These correlatio...