INHIBITION OF NITRIFICATION BY CLIMAX ECOSYSTEMS. III. INHIBITORS OTHER THAN TANNINS

作者：Elroy L. Rice, Sunil K. Pancholy · 发表于：American Journal of Botany · 年份：1974 · DOI：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1974.tb12327.x · 被引用次数：171 · 研究领域：Plant responses to elevated CO2、Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies、Plant Pathogens and Resistance

We obtained considerable evidence in earlier work that inhibition of nitrification begins during old‐field succession and increases to a maximum in the climax (Rice and Pancholy, 1972, 1973). Moreover, we found that tannins and tannin derivatives appear to be important inhibitors of nitrification. In the present project, other potential phenolic inhibitors of nitrification were identified in acetone extracts of entire plants of most herbaceous species and leaves of tree species important in an intermediate stage of succession and the climax in three vegetation types in Oklahoma. Attempts were made also to identify potential inhibitors in acetone extracts of soil from the top 15 cm of the oak‐pine climax. Seventeen potential inhibitors were identified from the eleven important species of plants surveyed. These were mostly phenolic acids and flavonoids, but one coumarin compound, scopolin, was found in high amounts in several species. The potential inhibitors were most common in green tops or green leaves, but roots, dead tops (of previous year), and dead leaves had high amounts of some compounds. Caffeic and ferulic acids were prominent in dead leaves or dead tops, and one flavonoid, myricetin, occurred in sizeable amounts in dead tops of Sorghastrum nutans. The aglycones of most of the compounds were tested against nitrification in soil suspensions, and all completely inhibited oxidation of NH+4 to NO−2 by Nitrosomonas at concentrations as low as 10−6 to 10−8 M. Oxidation of ...