What is Meant by Calling Emotions Basic

作者：Paul Ekman, Daniel T. Cordaro · 发表于：Emotion Review · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1177/1754073911410740 · 被引用次数：1354 · 研究领域：Cultural Differences and Values、Emotions and Moral Behavior、Emotional Intelligence and Performance

Emotions are discrete, automatic responses to universally shared, culture-specific and individual-specific events. The emotion terms, such as anger, fear, etcetera, denote a family of related states sharing at least 12 characteristics, which distinguish one emotion family from another, as well as from other affective states. These affective responses are preprogrammed and involuntary, but are also shaped by life experiences.