Measurement of the Decay of Fock States in a Superconducting Quantum Circuit

作者：H. Wang, M. Hofheinz, M. Ansmann, Radoslaw C. Bialczak, Erik A. Lucero, M. Neeley, A. D. O’Connell, D. Sank, J. Wenner, Andrew N. Cleland, John M. Martinis · 发表于：Physical Review Letters · 年份：2008 · DOI：10.1103/physrevlett.101.240401 · 被引用次数：166 · 研究领域：Quantum Information and Cryptography、Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates、Quantum optics and atomic interactions

We demonstrate the controlled generation of Fock states with up to 15 photons in a microwave coplanar waveguide resonator coupled to a superconducting phase qubit. The subsequent decay of the Fock states, due to dissipation, is then monitored by varying the time delay between preparing the state and performing a number-state analysis. We find that the decay dynamics can be described by a master equation where the lifetime of the n-photon Fock state scales as 1/n, in agreement with theory. We have also generated a coherent state in the microwave resonator, and monitored its decay process. We demonstrate that the coherent state maintains a Poisson distribution as it decays, with an average photon number that decreases with the same characteristic decay time as the one-photon Fock state.