What is watershed runoff?

作者：Roger P. Betson · 发表于：Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · 年份：1964 · DOI：10.1029/jz069i008p01541 · 被引用次数：441 · 研究领域：Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies、Soil erosion and sediment transport、Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes

A nonlinear mathematical model, starting with the integral of an infiltration capacity function, is developed to analytically equate the difference between rainfall and runoff to hydrologie variables. Only the three independent variables—storm rainfall, duration, and soil moisture—are used, and an equation is evolved in which the identity of the coefficients is kept intact and unusually good statistical control is maintained. The coefficients of the equation appear to be stable over a range of watershed sizes and conditions. The equation strongly indicates that runoff usually originates from a small, but relatively consistent, part of the watershed. The function can be manipulated to show a ‘function of apparent watershed infiltration capacity’ This function characterizes the infiltration capacity of that portion contributing to runoff, on the average, and should prove to be a useful infiltration capacity index with which watersheds can be compared. The equation itself provides insight into why in situ measurements of infiltration capacity seldom agree with the capacity determined from rainfall-runoff data. It also indicates why storm runoff frequently is not linear with respect to causative factors.