Mechanisms of Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle

作者：A. Martonosi · 发表于：Physiological Reviews · 年份：1984 · DOI：10.1152/physrev.1984.64.4.1240 · 被引用次数：329 · 研究领域：Ion channel regulation and function、Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias、Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies

Since the discovery of the ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport by SR a little over two decades ago, remarkable progress has been made in understanding the kinetic mechanism of Ca2+ transport and ATP hydrolysis and the role of phosphorylated enzyme intermediates in the energetics of active ion transport. Significant information has accumulated on the structure and composition of the SR membrane, on the primary amino acid sequence of the Ca2+-pump protein, and on the adaptive changes in the Ca2+-transport function during embryonic development and muscle activity. The discovery of the charge movement as a step in EC coupling and the use of novel optical probes for analyzing potential and calcium transients in living muscle changed the enigma of EC coupling into a well-defined problem that is clearly open to rational solutions. Studies on the structure, composition, and function of the isolated components of the T-SR system have just begun. The effectiveness of this approach will depend on successful maintenance of the functionally intact structure of the T-SR junction during the disruption of the muscle, which is required for the isolation of pure membrane elements. Reconstitution of a functionally competent junctional complex from isolated components is the ultimate aim of these studies, but the path toward that goal is so difficult that much of the mechanism of EC coupling may be solved by electrophysiologists, before reconstitution is achieved. The avalanche of information on Ca2+ r...