Examining the Black–White Achievement Gap Among Low-Income Children Using the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development

作者：Margaret Burchinal, Kathleen McCartney, Laurence D. Steinberg, Robert L. Crosnoe, Sarah L. Friedman, Vonnie C. McLoyd, Robert C. Pianta · 发表于：Child Development · 年份：2011 · DOI：10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01620.x · 被引用次数：266 · 研究领域：Early Childhood Education and Development、School Choice and Performance、Education Systems and Policy

The Black-White achievement gap in children's reading and mathematics school performance from 4½ years of age through fifth grade was examined in a sample of 314 lower income American youth followed from birth. Differences in family, child care, and schooling experiences largely explained Black-White differences in achievement, and instructional quality was a stronger predictor for Black than White children. In addition, the achievement gap was detected as young as 3 years of age. Taken together, the findings suggest that reducing the Black-White achievement gap may require early intervention to reduce race gaps in home and school experiences during the infant and toddler years as well as during the preschool and school years.