Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Manifestations, and Management

作者：Steven Y. C. Tong, Joshua S. Davis, Emily M. Eichenberger, Thomas L Holland, Vance G. Fowler · 发表于：Clinical Microbiology Reviews · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1128/cmr.00134-14 · 被引用次数：5252 · 研究领域：Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus、Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management、Streptococcal Infections and Treatments

Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.