Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: a multi-center case-control study

作者：Cheng Li, Weihong Zhao, Qian Zhu, Shujun Cao, Hua Ping, Xiaowei Xi, Guo-Juan Qin, Mingxing Yan, Duo Zhang, Jun Qiu, Jian Zhang · 发表于：BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1186/s12884-015-0613-1 · 被引用次数：178 · 研究领域：Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management、Reproductive Health and Contraception、Appendicitis Diagnosis and Management

BACKGROUND: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the leading cause of maternal death during the first trimester of pregnancy. A better understanding of EP risk can help prevent its occurrence. We carried out a multi-center, large-sample, case-control study to evaluate the risk factors for EP in Shanghai, China. METHODS: Women who were diagnosed with EP (n = 2411) and women with intrauterine pregnancies (n = 2416) were recruited from five hospitals in Shanghai, China. Information regarding the sociodemographic characteristics; reproductive, gynecological and surgical history; and previous and current use of contraceptives was collected from all participants. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and adjusted for potential confounding factors via multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The study revealed that the risk of EP was associated with the traditional risk factors including previous EP (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.83-4.05), previous Chlamydia trachomatis infection (Adjusted OR = 3.18, 95% CI: 2.64, 3.84), previous infertility (AOR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.66-2.88), previous adnexal surgery (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.49-2.93), previous appendectomy (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.13-2.37), and previous use of intrauterine devices (IUDs) (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.39-2.13). Additionally, EP risk was increased following the failure of most contraceptives used in the current cycle including IUDs (AOR = 16.43, 95% CI: 10.42-25.89), oral contraceptive ...