Deviations in human gut microbiota: a novel diagnostic test for determining dysbiosis in patients with IBS or IBD

作者：Christina Casèn, Heidi Vebø, Monika Sekelja, Finn Terje Hegge, M. K. Karlsson, Ewa Ciemniejewska, S. Dzankovic, C. Frøyland, Ragnhild Nestestog, Lars Engstrand, Pia Munkholm, Ole Haagen Nielsen, Gerhard Rogler, Magnus Simrén, Lena Öhman, Morten H. Vatn, Knut Rudi · 发表于：Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1111/apt.13236 · 被引用次数：290 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Gastrointestinal motility and disorders、Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

BACKGROUND: Dysbiosis is associated with many diseases, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), obesity and diabetes. Potential clinical impact of imbalance in the intestinal microbiota suggests need for new standardised diagnostic methods to facilitate microbiome profiling. AIM: To develop and validate a novel diagnostic test using faecal samples to profile the intestinal microbiota and identify and characterise dysbiosis. METHODS: Fifty-four DNA probes targeting ≥300 bacteria on different taxonomic levels were selected based on ability to distinguish between healthy controls and IBS patients in faecal samples. Overall, 165 healthy controls (normobiotic reference collection) were used to develop a dysbiosis model with a bacterial profile and Dysbiosis Index score output. The model algorithmically assesses faecal bacterial abundance and profile, and potential clinically relevant deviation in the microbiome from normobiosis. This model was tested in different samples from healthy volunteers and IBS and IBD patients (n = 330) to determine the ability to detect dysbiosis. RESULTS: Validation confirms dysbiosis was detected in 73% of IBS patients, 70% of treatment-naïve IBD patients and 80% of IBD patients in remission, vs. 16% of healthy individuals. Comparison of deep sequencing and the GA-map Dysbiosis Test, (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway) illustrated good agreement in bacterial capture; the latter showing higher resolution by targeting...