Frontal-subcortical circuitry and behavior

作者：Raphael M. Bonelli, Jeffrey L. Cummings · 发表于：Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · 年份：2007 · DOI：10.31887/dcns.2007.9.2/rbonelli · 被引用次数：622 · 研究领域：Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders、Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior、Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The neuropsychiatric manifestations of neurodegenerative diseases are closely linked to neurocircuitry defects. Frontal-subcortical circuits, in particular, are effector mechanisms that allow the organism to act on its environment. In this paper, we present the three main frontal-subcortical circuits: the dorsolateral prefrontal circuit allows the organization of information to facilitate a response; the anterior cingulate circuit is required for motivated behavior; and the orbitofrontal circuit allows the integration of limbic and emotional information into behavioral responses. Impaired executive functions, apathy, and impulsivity are hallmarks of frontal-subcortical circuit dysfunction. A variety of other neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Tourette's syndrome, Huntington's disease, obsessive-compulsive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and mood disorders may result from disturbances that have a direct or indirect impact on the integrity or functioning of these loops.