Impact of acid atmosphere deposition on soils : field monitoring and aluminum chemistry

作者：JAN P. M. MULDER · 年份：1988 · DOI：10.18174/202719 · 被引用次数：29 · 研究领域：Soil and Unsaturated Flow、Clay minerals and soil interactions、Mine drainage and remediation techniques

The effect of acid atmospheric deposition on concentrations and transfer of major solutes in acid, sandy soils was studied. Emphasis was given to mobilization and transport of potentially toxic aluminum. Data on solute concentrations and fluxes in meteoric water as well as soil solutions were obtained from intensive monitoring programmes conducted at a number of sites in northwestern Europe and North-America. Specific hypotheses were tested in laboratory experiments.Atmospheric acid inputs dominated total acid loads in nearly all soils studied. This was particularly true for forest soils in the Netherlands, due to an extreme dry deposition of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 in the forest canopy. Input of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 may acidify the soil, due to NH 4 assimilation, or nitrification of NH 4 and subsequent leaching of NO 3 .In soils rich in weatherable minerals, mobilization of base cations dominated acid neutralization, so that percolation water was buffered at relatively high pH values and the mobility of aluminum was low. In these soils the mobilization and transport of aluminum was mainly driven by organic acids, which is consistent with the podzolization theory. However, in soils depleted in weatherable minerals (e.g. most of the acid, sandy soils in the Netherlands), mobilization rates of base cations were too low for a substantial neutralization of atmospheric acidity, so that pH values of the percolation water were often low enough to cause a significant mobilization of aluminum. In th...