Turnover of Bacterial Cell Wall Peptidoglycans

作者：Derek Boothby, L Daneo-Moore, Michael L. Higgins, Jacques Coyette, Gerald D. Shockman · 发表于：Journal of Biological Chemistry · 年份：1973 · DOI：10.1016/s0021-9258(19)44200-2 · 被引用次数：100 · 研究领域：Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology、Probiotics and Fermented Foods、Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections

Abstract The cell wall peptidoglycan of Lactobacillus acidophilus strain 63 AM Gasser has been shown to turn over rapidly during balanced exponential growth and recovery from amino acid deprivation. In contrast, turnover of either pulse-labeled or extensively labeled peptidoglycan of Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 9790 was not detected by the same method and experimental conditions. In S. faecalis, peptidoglycan turnover could not be induced either by brief exposure of the cells to a low concentration of lysozyme or by growth in the presence of a low concentration of penicillin. The peptidoglycan turnover rate of rapidly growing cultures of L. acidophilus was equivalent to a loss of about one third of their peptidoglycan per generation. This was not due to cellular lysis since turnover of protein was below detectable levels. Comparably rapid peptidoglycan turnover rates per generation were observed in slowly growing cultures (30% lost per generation) and in a mutant which autolyzed at about one fifth the rate of the wild type (25% lost per generation). In cultures labeled for 6 or more generations, turnover was preceded by a lag equivalent to 0.8 to 2 generation times. Turnover of pulses of less than 0.2 generations was not observed for periods exceeding 2 generations. These last two results cannot be interpreted as indicating that newly made wall is immune to turnover since in both cases nonsynchronized cultures were used, and the short pulses would eventually age as the cultur...